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Although off-line solutions will continue to solve sophisticated
and complex models, the need for real-time simulation
is ever increasing, especially in the autonomous vehicle
world, for two main reasons.
1. The requirement to connect virtual models to physical
hardware (such as sensors, controllers, driving simulators and so
on), so-called hardware-in-the-loop (HiL). These physical assets
have a defined communication speed. The associated simulation
model must be able to keep up with this communication speed.
This defines a real-time model.
2. Traditionally, vehicle development (including vehicle dynamics)
has been targeted at validating the machine. The human
driver, whether following orders (test instructions) or making
numerous on-the-fly decisions, was not considered a system
that required validation. The concept of autonomous vehicle
changes all of that. Now, the “driver,” the most complex system
on the vehicle, has to be validated as well. This leads to many
orders of magnitude for more simulation runs so the ability to
solve quickly becomes a valuable asset.





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